Mummified Votive Ibis

http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/8643/Mummified_Ibis/set/a508806fb34c978891faa83f07c5714c?referring-q=ibis ibis mummy images plus x-rays that verify the v-shaped pattern with head forward as the mummification technique Ikram, S., Hawass, Z. A., & Majlis al-Aʻlá lil-Āthār (Egypt). (2004). Beloved beasts: Animal mummies from ancient Egypt. Cairo: Supreme Council of Antiquities Press. "Ibis Mummies" pgs. 42-43, "Votive Shrew Mummy, pgs. 48-49. http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/184722/Mummy_of_Ibis/image/38418/image Ibis mummy images http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/184724/Mummy_of_Ibis/set/a508806fb34c978891faa83f07c5714c ibis mummy images plus x-rays http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/117933/Mummy_of_an_Ibis/image/27073/image ibis mummy images http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/118456/Mummy_of_an_Ibis_in_Jar/set/a508806fb34c978891faa83f07c5714c mummy of an ibis in a jar Cheri Vitez, Research Associate, 5/10/2011.

Aufderheide, Arthur C. (2003) The Scientific Study of Mummies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, “The Ibis Cult” pgs. 399-400. Bory, S.-V. Xavier, Marcel. J. J. & Reybaud, L. (1800). Histoire de l'expédition française en Égypte. Paris: A.-J. Dénain et Delamare. Dieter, Kessler and Abd el Halim Nur el-Din (2005) Tuna al-Gebel: Millions of Ibises and Other Animals. In S.Ikram (Ed.) Divine Creatures. Cairo: A.U.C. Press, pgs. 120-163. Ikram, S., Hawass, Z. A., & Majlis al-Aʻlá lil-Āthār (Egypt). (2004). Beloved beasts: Animal mummies from ancient Egypt. Cairo: Supreme Council of Antiquities Press. "Ibis Mummies" pgs. 13, 42-43, 44-45, 54-55, 56-57, "Votive Shrew Mummy" pgs. 48-49. Ikram, S. (2005). Divine Creatures: Animal mummies in ancient Egypt. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, "Ibis Mummies," pgs. 34, 51, "Shrew Mummy" p.225. James, T.G.H. Excavating in Egypt: The Egypt Exploration Society 1882-1982. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982. Nicholson, P.T. (1999) The North Ibis Catacomb at Saqqara: ‘The tomb of the birds’ In A. Leahy and J. Tait (Eds.) Studies on Ancient Egypt in Honour of H.S. Smith. London: Egypt Exploration Society, pgs. 209-214. Nicholson, P.T. (2005) The Sacred Animal Necropolis at North Saqqara: the cults and their catacombs. In S.Ikram (Ed.) Divine Creatures. Cairo: A.U.C. Press, pgs. 44-71. Rose, Mark. (2004), Caring for the Dead. Archaeology, 57(2), 1-8. Savigny, J.-C. (1805). Histoire Naturelle et Mythologique de l'ibis. Paris: Allais. Wheye, Darryl. Kennedy, Donald. (2008) Humans, Nature, and Birds : science art from cave walls to computer screens. New Haven: Yale University Press, “The Sacred Ibis Lost from Egypt” pgs. 56-57. Williams, A.R. (2009) Animals Everlasting. National Geographic, 216(5), 1-7. Cobern, Camden M. (1913), The Sacred Ibis Cemetery and Jackal Catacombs at Abydos. The National Geographic Magazine, 24, 1042-1056. http://books.google.com/books http://escholarship.org/uc/item/6wk541n0 Dodson, Aidan, 2009, Rituals Related to Animal Cults. In Jacco Dieleman, Willeke Wendrich (eds.), UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Los Angeles. http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz001nf7d0 http://nashville.about.com/od/culturalarts/a/frist_egypt.htm “The Quest for Immortality: Treasures of Ancient Egypt, on display at the Frist Center for the Visual Arts in Nashville Tennessee, features the largest selection of antiquities ever loaned by Egypt for exhibition in North America. (10/08/2006) Animal mummies in the exhibition were loaned by the University of Memphis Institute of Egyptian Art and Archaeology, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Brooklyn Museum. http://www.lindahall.org/events_exhib/exhibit/exhibits/napoleon/sacred_ibis.shtml Jules-Cesar Savigny and the Sacred Ibis with ibis mummy drawings. http://www.world-archaeology.com/features/north-saqqara/ “North Saqqaraby Paul T. Nicholson, July 7, 2009, Issue 36, p.33. http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/hisar/people/pn/e_sac.html http://www.animalmummies.com/ Animal Mummy Project Divisions for region taken from: Baines & Málek 1980 Atlas of Ancient Egypt. Oxford: Phaidon PETRIE, W. M. F., Abydos, Part I, 1902. Twenty-Second Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund, London, 1902. PETRIE, W. M. F., Abydos, Part II, 1903. Twenty-Fourth Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund, London, 1903. AYRTON, E. R., CURRELLY, M. A. and WEIGALL, A. E. P. Abydos, Part III, 1904. Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund, London, 1904. NAVILLE, E., “Excavations at Abydos”, ArchRep 1909-1910, Egypt Exploration Fund, London, 1910, p.1-7. NAVILLE, E., “Excavations at Abydos”, ArchRep 1910-1911, Egypt Exploration Fund, London, 1911, p.1-4. NAVILLE, E., “Excavations at Abydos”, ArchRep 1911-1912, Egypt Exploration Fund, London, 1912, p.1-8. NAVILLE, E., The Cemeteries of Abydos, Part I. 1909-1910. The Mixed Cemetery and Umm el-Ga’ab. Thirty-Third Memoir of the Exploration Fund, London, 1914. ERIC PEET, T. The Cemeteries of Abydos, Part II. 1911-1912. Thirty-Fourth Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund, London, 1914. ERIC PEET, T. and LOAT, W. L. S., The Cemeteries of Abydos, Part III. 1912-1913. Thirty-Fifth Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund, London, 1913. Dodson, Aidan. "Rituals Related to Animal Cults." In Jacco Dieleman, Willeke Wendrich (eds.), UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology. Los Angeles. http://escholarship.org/uc/ite/6wk541n0 Smelik, K.A.D. "The Cult of the Ibis in the Graeco-Roman Period: With Special Attention to the Data from the Papyri" in Studies in Hellenistic Religions, M. J. Vermaseren, ed. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1979.