Pysanka, Easter Egg

Featured Acquisition Page, Spurlock Museum, 2010: The Ukrainian folk tradition of egg painting, known as pysanky, dates back centuries. Individual eggs are called pysanka. The term comes from the Ukrainian word pysaty, a verb meaning “to write” that refers to the method of writing with wax on the egg in order to create the distinctive, intricate designs depicting plants and animals as well as geometric motifs. Crosses were added later as a popular design feature. The dividing of the egg into bands or areas of differing patterns is what identifies the Ukrainian method of egg decorating. While decorated eggs are commonly associated with Easter, the egg as a symbol of fertility and renewal dates back to ancient times. In pre-Christian times, these eggs were exchanged at the arrival of spring. Pysanka were also exchanged as amulets to protect or heal, as well as to bring good fortune.

The creation of a pysanka is quite a complex process. An egg is chosen, cleaned, and emptied of its contents. The Spurlock Museum pysanky collection consists of chicken, duck, and goose eggs. A writing tool (kitska) is used to apply wax in the chosen pattern. Dyes cannot stick to the wax, and the application allows dyes to stick to exposed areas only. Additional applications of wax throughout the dyeing process results in variations of color and pattern. The dyes are applied in sequence from lightest to darkest, beginning with yellow. When the final color is applied, the wax is melted off and the completed design is revealed.

The Ukrainian Student Association donated all eggs in the Spurlock Museum collection, preserving this unique folk craft for future visitors to enjoy.