Manual Hearing Aid

“The Hearing Aids of Yesteryear”, by Neil Bauman, 2013
http://www.hearingaidmuseum.com/resources/The%20Hearing%20Aids%20of%20Yesteryear.pdf, 5/11/2015

Also see “The Difference Between Monoaural Stethescopes and Conversation Tubes” by Erik Soifer, http://www.antiquemed.com/differences.html, 5/11/2015


“A Red Conversation Tube, 19th Century Disabilities, Culture & Contexts” http://www.nineteenthcenturydisability.org/items/show/44 , 5/11/2015

Bennion, Elisabeth. Antique Medical Instruments (Berkley: University of California Press, 1979).

Bernard Becker Library Virtual Exhibit: Deafness in Disguise: Concealed Hearing Devices of the 19th and 20th Centuries http://beckerexhibits.wustl.edu/did/index.htm

Berger, Kenneth W. The Hearing Aid, it’s Operation and Development. Michigan, USA: National Hearing Aid Society, 1970.

Church, Joanna. “Conversation tube, circa 1900,” A Fine Collection: Blog of the Montgomery County Historical Society Maryland http://afinecollection.wordpress.com/2013/12/18/conversation-tube-circa-1900/

Gallery of Conversation Tubes, The Hearing Aid Museum: http://www.hearingaidmuseum.com/gallery/Non-Electric/ConversationTubes/index-contubes.htm

Hawksley, T. Catalogue of Otacoustical Instruments to Aid the Deaf, 3rd Edition (London: T. Hawksley, 1895).

Koelkebeck, Mary Lou, Collen Detjen, and Donald R. Calvert, Historic Devices for Hearing: The CID-Goldstein Collection. St. Louise: The Central Institute for the Deaf, 1984.

Mills, Mara. “Hearing Aids and the History of Electronics Miniaturization,” in Jonathan Sterne (Ed.), The Sound Studies Reader (London & New York: Routledge, 2012), 73-78.