Drawstring Purse or Xiang Nang, Perfume or Spice Bag

Garrett, Valery M. (1987) Traditional Chinese Clothing in Hong Kong and South China, 1840-1980. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, pgs. 14, 67-69, Fig. 20.

Garrett, Valery M. (1994) Chinese Clothing: an illustrated guide Hong Kong : Oxford University Press, “Girdle (chao dai)” pgs. 11, 13, 31, 44, 73-74, 131, 142; “Purses” pgs. 34, 44, 64, 74, 80, 88, 89, Illustration p. 44, Figure 3.13, Plate 29, Color Plate 36, p. 88 (quote of women's use of scent bags).

Garrett, Valery M.. (2007) Chinese Dress: from the Qing Dynasty to the Present Tokyo: Tuttle Pub., “Girdles pgs. 14-15, 73, 88. “Purses” pgs. 88 & 89.

“Chinese Clothing and Textiles of the Seventeenth Century.” The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Clothing through World History. Condra, Jill. (Eds.) (2008) Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, pgs.122-125.

Thomas, Mary. (1935) Mary Thomas's Dictionary of Embroidery Stitches. New York: W. Morrow.

Vollmer, John. (2002) Ruling from the Dragon Throne: costume of the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) Berkeley: Ten Speed Press, “Other Court Accessories” pgs. 78-79; Fig. 3.22 - Illustration of Manchu man’s court belt (chaodai), p.79, glossary p. 147.

Vollmer, John. ([2004) Silks for Thrones and Altars : Chinese costumes and textiles : from the Liao through the Qing dynasty Paris, France : Myrna Myers.

Vollmer, John. (2007) Dressed to Rule: 18th century court attire in the Mactaggart art collection Edmonton: Museums and Collections Services, University of Alberta Museums, p.9

Vollmer, John. Simcox, Jacqueline. (2009) Emblems of Empire: selections from the Mactaggart Art Collection Edmonton : University of Alberta Press, “Accessories” p. 6 and “Chaodai (court belt)” pgs. 21 and 36.

Wang, Loretta H. (1991) 2nd Edition. The Chinese purse .New York : Hilit Pub. Co., “The Heart Shaped Purse” pgs. 18-37. Purse with similar design elements “Purse with ‘Wan-Shou’ and Water Wave.” p. 22 and the drawstring with beads most resembles those purses on pgs. 19, 24, and 28.

Zong, Fengying.Lam, Pete. (Eds.) (2009) Heavenly splendour: the Edrina Collection of Ming and Qing imperial costumes. Hong Kong: Art Museum, Chinese University of Hong Kong, “belt (chaodai)” p.19.

National Palace Museum
http://www.npm.gov.tw/en/sitemap.htm

The Kyoto Costume Institute
http://www.kci.or.jp/index.html?lang=en

The Tassen Museum Hendrikje Museum of Bags and Purses
http://www.tassenmuseum.nl/en

Cheri Vitez, Research Associate, 5/16/2011